Menstrual problems (PCOS, heavy bleeding)
1. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Description
PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects individuals with ovaries, typically during their reproductive years. It is one of the most common causes of irregular menstruation and fertility issues.
Key Features:
Irregular periods: Infrequent, prolonged, or missed periods are common.
Excess androgen levels: May cause symptoms like acne, excess facial/body hair (hirsutism), and scalp hair thinning.
Polycystic ovaries: Enlarged ovaries with small fluid-filled sacs (follicles) visible on ultrasound.
Other Symptoms
- Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
- Oily skin
- Dark patches of skin (acanthosis nigricans)
- Fertility problems
2. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (Menorrhagia)
Description
Menorrhagia is abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding that can interfere with daily life. It’s not uncommon and may be a symptom of an underlying health issue.
Signs of Heavy Bleeding
- Bleeding lasting more than 7 days
- Needing to change sanitary products every 1-2 hours
- Passing large blood clots
- Symptoms of anemia (fatigue, shortness of breath)
Common Causes
- Hormonal imbalances (e.g., due to PCOS or thyroid disorders)
- Uterine fibroids or polyps
- Endometriosis
- Bleeding disorders
- Certain medications (like blood thinners)